• Use bash as your shell or use #!/bin/bash if you script your build instructions (as I do)
• Make sure you have a working Python2 environment and set your current Python interpreter to v2: sudo ln -sf /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python. I know this sounds silly but the build system is a real mess!
• Fix lexer instructions. Find dtc-lexer.lex.c_shipped and replace
  

  YYLTYPE yylloc;

  with

  extern YYLTYPE yylloc;

  see this post on XDA

If you keep this in mind you will be able to build LineageOS 16 for your S5+ and at least have a current operating system, allthough hardware drivers are still old and buggy.

UPDATE Nov 28. 2021

There was/is an error building Lineage (hiddenapi.cc): No DEX files specified. To fix this, sync your repo! and then execute these commands from your lineage root directory (see here):

$ make clean-apache-xml
$ make apache-xml
$ make clean-ims-common
$ make ims-common
$ make apache-xml

Then brunch as usual...

Eventually you will end up with something like this - I did it (again) 😋

Note: these notes apply to a current Archlinux as build host (see post date!)